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Oxygen dynamics and porewater transport in sediments inhabited by the invasive polychaete Marenzelleria viridis

机译：侵染性多毛鱼类（Marenzelleria viridis）栖息的沉积物中的氧动力学和孔隙水迁移

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The polychaete Marenzelleria viridis is an invasive species and often replaces thenative Nereis diversicolor. This shift leads to more reduced conditions and changes in the biogeochemical function of the sediments. By combining imaging techniques for O2 (planar optodes) and irrigation patterns (rhodamine WT and brilliant blue), we investigated the relationship between irrigation and O2 dynamics in burrows of M. viridis. The investigated animals shifted between 2 modes of ventilation: ciliary pumping for 77% of the time and muscular pumping for 23% of the time. On average, muscular pumping was induced every 0.4 h. During ciliary pumping, oxic water was pumped into blind-ended burrows and into the surrounding sediment, inducing an upward porewater transport of O2-depleted water. This pattern was reversed during muscular pumping. The 2 pumping modes induced oscillating O2 penetration along the burrow wall and along the primary sediment-water interface. The average net downward irrigation rate, including both pumping modes, amounted to 11.1 × 10−3 ± 2.4 × 10−3 ml min−1. The estimated average oxic sediment volume was 2.1 ± 0.5 cm3 per burrow, and the burrow-specific O2 consumption was 45.6 ± 18.1 nmol min−1. M. viridis burrows and the ambient sediment are relatively O2 depleted, with intensified rates of O2 consumption, compared to similar-sized native N. diversicolor. The complex O2 dynamics induced a unique icroenvironment that must favor meiofauna and microbial communities that are tolerant to oxic-anoxic oscillations or that have the ability to migrate along with the pulsing oxic-anoxic interface.
机译：多毛Marenzelleria viridis是一种入侵物种，经常替代当时的杂色猪笼草。这种转变导致条件进一步减少，沉积物的生物地球化学功能发生变化。通过结合用于O2（平面光电二极管）和灌溉方式（若丹明WT和亮蓝色）的成像技术，我们研究了灌溉和M. viridis洞穴中O2动态之间的关系。被调查的动物在两种通气模式之间转换：睫状肌抽气占77％的时间，肌肉抽气占23％的时间。平均而言，每0.4小时就会产生一次肌肉抽动。在睫状泵吸过程中，将有氧水泵入盲端洞穴和周围的沉积物中，从而导致贫氧的向上的孔隙水输送。在肌肉抽动过程中，这种模式被颠倒了。两种泵送模式引起O2沿洞穴壁和主要沉积物-水界面的振荡渗透。包括两种抽水方式在内的平均净下行灌溉速率为11.1×10-3±2.4×10-3 ml min-1。估计的平均含氧沉积物体积为每个洞穴2.1±0.5 cm3，并且洞穴特定的O2消耗量为45.6±18.1 nmol min-1。与相似大小的天然杂色猪笼草相比，绿孢猪笼草的洞穴和周围沉积物的氧气消耗相对减少，氧气消耗率增加。复杂的O2动力学诱发了一个独特的环境，该环境必须有利于耐氧化-缺氧振荡或具有与脉冲式氧化-缺氧界面一起迁移的能力的动物群落和微生物群落。

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